Asthma affects the respiratory system by causing inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which makes it harder to breathe. Here’s how it impacts the system:

• Airway Inflammation: The lining of the airways becomes swollen and irritated, making them more sensitive to triggers.
• Bronchoconstriction: The muscles around the airways tighten, causing the air passages to narrow.
• Excess Mucus Production: The airways produce more mucus, which can block airflow and make breathing difficult.
• Reduced Airflow: The combination of inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus buildup restricts airflow in and out of the lungs.

These effects lead to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, especially during an asthma attack.

Asthma is a chronic condition that cannot be prevented. However, by working with your doctor, you can create a treatment plan to help manage your symptoms and prevent a life-threatening asthma attack. Other precautions you can take include:

• Staying up-to-date on respiratory vaccines
• Identifying and avoiding triggers 
• Taking your medications
• Quitting smoking
• Recognizing the signs of an asthma attack

No, asthma is not curable, but it can be effectively managed. With proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments, many people with asthma can control their symptoms and lead normal, active lives. Medications, such as asthma inhaler, and avoiding triggers help reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks. Regular monitoring by a primary care provider is essential to manage the condition long-term.

If you think you are having an asthma attack, follow these steps:

• Sit up straight and stay calm. Staying calm helps to keep your chest muscles from tightening up and may make it easier to breathe. 
• Take slow, deep breaths.
• Use your rescue inhaler if you have one. 
• If you are near a trigger, like smoke or a work chemical, move to a cooler, more ventilated space.

If your rescue inhaler doesn’t work after a few puffs, you are having trouble breathing or talking, or if your fingernails or lips are turning blue, call 911 or seek immediate emergency medical attention. 

Asthma that is not properly managed can worsen as you get older. Without proper management, your lung function can weaken, making asthma attacks more frequent, severe, and difficult to control. However, with regular preventive treatment, you may be able to keep your asthma from worsening and preserve your lung function.